{"id":27459,"date":"2025-12-18T21:20:05","date_gmt":"2025-12-18T18:20:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sust.qu.edu.iq\/?p=27459"},"modified":"2025-12-18T21:20:05","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T18:20:05","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sust.qu.edu.iq\/?p=27459","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0628\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u2026
\n\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 :
\n( \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 )
\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644(\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u062f ).
\n\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0642\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0630\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 .
\n\u0627\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0630\u0629.<\/p>\n